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Acidimetry / Alkalimetry It is a type of volumetric analysis. It is based on neutralization reaction. If the concentration of acid is to be determinded, certain volume of acid is taken in conical flask, which is allowed to react with standard solution of alkali which is taken in burette. The volume of alkali required for complete reaction is determined. The completion of reaction is detected by using a indicator. Therefore by using equation V1N1=V2N2, we can calculate the concentration of acid.  In short, Acidimetry is the process of determining the concentration of acid by reacting it with standard solution of alkali. Similarly, Alkalimetry is the process of determining the concentration of Alkali by tit rating it with standard solution of acid. --> Principal of volumetric analysis   During chemical reaction, substances react in definite ration of their equivalent weight. Hence principle of volumetric analysis is supposed to be based on chemical equivalent (eq. wt) of s

Ionic equilibrium     When certain electrolyte is dissolve in watter, it split into two type of ions, one carry positive charge and another carrying negative charge. The positive charge carrying species are called cation and negative charge carrying species are called anion.       Under this condition, equilibriup exist between undissociated ions. This type of equilibrium exist between undissociated electrolyte molecule and dissociated ion is called ionic equilibrium.      As the chemical equilibrium, ionic equilibrium is dynamic in nature i,e even in equilibrium condition, the reaction is going on.     But the concentration of specific involved will not change with time because in equilibrium condition both reaction proceed with same rate.      Let  us suppose, eletrolyte AB which dissociates as follows.    Here, forward reaction is ionization reaction and backward reaction is association reaction. Therefore, in ionic equilibrium condition , the rate of ionization will be equ

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